When and what vaccinations to give to puppies up to one year old (table)

The appearance of a small pet at home imposes a special responsibility on the owners. Caring for a puppy is expressed not only in proper nutrition and physical activity. Comprehensive animal care includes timely veterinary intervention.

Healthy newborn babies require a visit to the veterinarian for vaccinations. The puppy's first vaccination is given already in the second month of life. Subsequently, the puppies are re-vaccinated and other planned measures are taken.

Timely vaccinations help protect your pet from infections, which prolongs their life and allows you to raise a healthy and happy dog.

What types of vaccinations are there?

Before the puppy is one year old, it is necessary to receive a number of different vaccinations. Each of them is aimed at combating a specific virus. Depending on the region and the presence of certain infectious diseases in it, the types and quantities of required vaccines may vary. But there are a number of mandatory vaccines that are administered to dogs regardless of their geographic location.

There are different types of vaccinations:

1. From viral hepatitis.
2. From parvovirus enteritis.
3. From the plague.
4. From parainfluenza.
5. From leptospirosis.
6. Against rabies.
7. From piroplasmosis.
8. Against lichen.

The mandatory vaccination schedule does not include tick vaccination; this injection is given at the request of the owners. There are no vaccinations against coronavirus; veterinary medicine treats this infection depending on how it was acquired.

Vaccinations for puppies according to age are given in strict accordance with the established schedule. The final decision on the number of vaccines administered and the types of diseases to be prevented rests with the veterinarian. By following the recommendations of a specialist, up to 90% of diseases can be prevented. In the remaining 10% of cases, the disease is mild and does not cause death to the pet or severe damage to its body.

Types of modern vaccines

When choosing a vaccine for puppies, take into account the place of its production and the breadth of its application. These indicators affect the final price, so it is necessary to understand their main differences.

What to choose: domestic or imported product?

Domestic products are always cheaper than foreign analogues. The main advantage of imported samples is their longer existence and a large number of positive reviews. Veterinarians recommend choosing a domestic manufacturer when vaccinating against rabies. After the use of foreign drugs, outbreaks of diseases were recorded.

Mono-vaccines

Single vaccines are aimed at preventing one disease. Their advantage lies in a more gentle effect on the body and better production of antibodies to the selected infection.

When vaccinated with mono-vaccines, it is easier to choose an individual schedule, but the pet will have to undergo many injections. If your four-legged pet experiences stress when visiting a veterinary clinic or you have too little free time, use polyvaccines.

Polyvaccines

Polyvaccines include up to 6-7 fragments of different viral codes. They are more difficult to tolerate by the body, so multicomponent formulations are indicated only for adult animals. For children, drugs containing up to 4 different viruses are used.

The disadvantage of polyvaccines is the possible suppression of some antibodies by others. The rabies virus is considered the most aggressive, so the body directs all its forces to fight this particular agent. In other cases, immunity to several diseases is achieved simultaneously with just one injection.

Effect of the vaccine on the body

When dead or weakened fragments of the viral code are introduced into the body, active production of T-lymphocytes begins - antibodies responsible for destroying the invading pathogen. These antibodies are called memory cells, so if successful, they remember the method of fighting the infection. In case of infection, they give an immediate response, preventing further spread of the virus.

This method of combating infectious diseases is used only for preventive purposes. In case of direct infection, the infected animal is injected with serum - a preparation with ready-made antibodies that forms short-term passive immunity.

Vaccination schedule by age

When a small puppy or adult dog appears in the house, you should immediately contact a veterinarian. He will conduct an initial examination of the pet and set a vaccination schedule, taking into account the types of mandatory and recommended serums.

Vaccination table from birth to one year:

At 1 month, newborns can be given the PUPPY vaccine. It is not mandatory and is only used if there is a high probability of infection, such as quarantine in a shelter.

Revaccination of all listed diseases is carried out when the dog reaches one year. The frequency of subsequent injections is once a year.

Chicken pox

Chickenpox is primarily associated with unsightly, itchy red dots and can be a truly dangerous condition. Especially if the expectant mother gets sick. Postpartum complications, especially in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy, can cause the so-called congenital chickenpox syndrome, which is manifested by damage to the centers of the child’s nervous system or visual impairment. However, before getting vaccinated, you need to analyze whether it will be possible to meet the deadline. The vaccine consists of two doses, which should be given 6 weeks to 3 months apart. The entire course of vaccination must be completed 6 months before possible pregnancy.

Vaccination schedule depending on breed

Vaccination of puppies is carried out in order to develop stable immunity to certain diseases. The first weeks of babies’ lives are protected by antibodies that enter their bodies with mother’s milk. By 2-3 months, the level of antibodies drops, so it is during this period that dogs are subject to primary vaccinations.

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Vaccination table for puppies of small breeds - Jagdterrier, English cocker spaniel, Shiba in, beagle, pinscher, etc.

Vaccination table for puppies of medium breeds - miniature schnauzer, Russian spaniel, giant schnauzer and others:

Vaccination table for large breed puppies - Alabai, Austrian pit bull, VEO, Drathaaru, Malamute, Akita Inu, hounds, etc.

Small dogs are given injections at almost the same time, regardless of their breed. German puppies and other varieties of kittens can receive additional vaccinations at the age of 4-6 weeks, only if there is a high risk of possible infection with a particular disease. Mutts are vaccinated according to standard principles.

The exact vaccination schedule is prepared by the dog’s attending physician. The vaccination dates set by the veterinarian cannot be changed.

Preparing for vaccination

Dog vaccination is a multi-step procedure that must be performed regularly, strictly in accordance with the schedule. The process is complicated by the fact that the pet must be properly prepared for vaccination, and then undergo a certain quarantine after the injection.

The main recommendations for preparation are the need to carry out preventive measures, namely, give anthelmintic drugs before administering the vaccine. It is extremely important not to inject sick puppies. The dog’s condition is usually assessed by a veterinarian, but the pet’s owner must also monitor his well-being.

When preparing your baby, you should follow these tips:

1. Treat the wool with special preparations to remove fleas.
2. After a few days, give an anthelmintic drug. It is purchased taking into account the actual weight and age of the puppy. If necessary, a repeat appointment is made after 10-12 days.
3. A visit to the clinic is planned no earlier than 10 days after the last anthelmintic dose.

When re-administering primary injections, the procedure does not need to be repeated. But in the future, with annual vaccination, preparation is carried out in full.

Treatment for fleas, ticks and other external parasites

Various drugs are suitable for these purposes:

• sprays;
• drops;
• shampoos;
• collars;
• powders;
• solutions, etc.

Antiparasitic collars are not complete protection against fleas and ticks, but they perfectly complement, enhance and prolong the effect of the main drug. For this reason, it is advisable to combine several options for insectoacaricidal (antiparasitic) drugs.

Medicines are chosen individually, taking into account the composition. Different medications are used for puppies, adults and elderly pets. The dose is determined based on the weight and size of the pet.

You need to pay particular attention to the dosage when using anti-flea drops and sprays. Special shampoos, solutions and powders are easier to dose - no such precision is required.

The manufacturer indicates detailed instructions for use of each drug on the packaging, but there are general rules for all such drugs. It is necessary to ensure that the drug gets on the dog’s skin without remaining on the fur. Use medications against ectoparasites with caution in pets with skin lesions and other dermatological problems.

It is not advisable to pet or hug your pet within 12 to 24 hours after flea treatment.

Effective insectoacaricidal preparations are Advantix, Frontline, Kiltix, Hearts, Brovecto, Celandine, Dana, Bars and some other imported (Holland, Germany, Czech Republic) and domestic products.

How to vaccinate a dog

Vaccinations for dogs are given intramuscularly. You can inject yourself or at a veterinary clinic.

It is not difficult to vaccinate a puppy at home yourself, but it will require certain knowledge and skills. The procedure for administering the injection at home is as follows:

1. Disinfect the vaccine injection site. The injection can be placed in the withers and in the hind thigh. Disinfection is carried out using alcohol or another medical solution intended for this purpose. Do not forget that the “house doctor” himself must also wash his hands thoroughly.
2. Mix the vaccine until smooth by shaking and draw the liquid into the syringe.
3. Bleed air from the syringe. There should be no air bubbles in the solution.
4. Insert the needle into the treated area on the withers or back thigh and slowly inject the drug.
5. Remove the needle and re-treat the injection site with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol.

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Home injections are not suitable if the dog will take part in exhibitions and competitions or travel with dogs. In these cases, the dog must have a vaccination passport, which can only be issued by accredited veterinary hospitals.

What drugs are used

Dog owners quite often wonder which vaccine to choose from the variety of drugs offered. Without sufficient experience, it is not too clear what exactly to focus on when choosing. But it is worth understanding that the same type of injection can have many names, depending on who the manufacturer is.

If we talk about the most common vaccines that are used to vaccinate puppies and adults, their list is quite small:

• Monovalent vaccines are aimed at preventing one type of disease. Such drugs are very effective, and they also reduce the burden on the animal’s body when producing antibodies. It is believed that the quality of the immune bodies produced as a result of the single drug is higher. If you vaccinate a puppy with monovalent drugs, it is easier to develop an individual vaccination regimen.
• Polyvalent or complex vaccines can form immunity against several types of diseases at once. The drug contains live viral strains, which allow the puppy to have a mild form of the disease and develop immunity to it. It is better to use a seven-valent drug in relation to already adult pets; they can more easily tolerate its effects, since the body already has immune bodies of this type.

The price of the drug directly depends on the manufacturer, as well as on the type of vaccine chosen.

Domestic

Manufacturers of vaccination drugs are constantly looking for new and improved drugs, so the list of injections is often updated with new items. Today, four-legged pets can be vaccinated using the following domestic vaccines:

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The cost of Russian vaccines is an order of magnitude less than foreign ones. Prices vary by region and distributor.

Imported

Imported vaccines are quite widely represented on the Russian market. The choice of drugs is huge. Of all the variety, it is worth highlighting the most popular types:

1. Nobivak, manufacturer: Netherlands. Manufactured under the brands DHP, DHPPi, KC, Lepto, Piro, Puppy DP, Rabies, RL. Each of the drugs can be used separately. The very first injection in this series is the pappi vaccine, which, if necessary, is administered as early as 6 weeks of age.
2. Hexadog is a French vaccine. It is used primarily at the age of 12 weeks. Allows you to develop immunity against plague, parvovirus, adenovirosis, peptospirosis, rabies.
3. Eurican, France. Has two forms:

— DHPPI2 – L – from plague, adenovirus, parvovirosis, parainfluenza and leptospirosis;

- DHPPI2-LR - against plague, adenovirus, parvovirus, parainfluenza, leptospirosis and rabies.

1. Vanguard, American vaccine. Vanguard is a multivalent antifungal drug that can be used from 8-10 weeks.
2. Rabizin, France, against rabies. Primary use no earlier than three months.
3. Primodog, France. Monovaccine against parvovirus enteritis, indicated from 5-7 weeks.
4. Defensor, USA. Intended for the prevention of rabies, administered from three months of age.

How much each injection costs depends on which drug is used. We must not forget that when receiving vaccinations at a veterinary clinic, the price also includes related services.

Restrictions after vaccination

When vaccinated, a puppy is injected with the viral strain of the disease against which it is being vaccinated. Accordingly, the pet’s body will be susceptible to the disease, albeit in extremely small doses. It takes about two weeks for complete recovery and the production of immune bodies. But persistent immunity to the disease appears only after the puppy’s second vaccination, and sometimes after the third.

It is important for puppies to undergo strict quarantine for two weeks after each vaccination. During this period, it should not be taken outside, but the house should be kept clean and the pet’s contact with dirty shoes or with other pets that are regularly walked in the fresh air should be minimized.

Home conditions or veterinary clinic?

If there is an opportunity to vaccinate at home, take advantage of it. The pet’s fragile body is not prepared to meet all the many animals that the veterinary clinic accommodates. The puppy runs the risk of becoming infected as soon as it crosses the threshold of such a clinic in the arms of its owner. It is advisable to administer the first vaccines at home also because in a familiar environment the puppy will feel calmer and will have fewer reasons to resist the specialist.

Home conditions will allow your pet to relax and tolerate the procedure easier.

Adult dogs can be vaccinated at veterinary clinics, since it is not so easy for animals already familiar with vaccination to become infected with any disease. The animal’s strong body will allow it to cope with a visit to the veterinarian without much difficulty. However, if you do not want to cause your pet stress once again and can afford to call a specialist to your home, then this option is just for you.

Side effects and complications

Injections can cause complications. The most common side effect is an allergy to the vaccine. The reaction is expressed in profuse salivation, lacrimation, involuntary defecation, swelling at the injection site.

After vaccination, they can suffer from a mild form of ARVI; they sneeze, cough, and have a fever. Sometimes complications are expressed in a more complex form. One of the most severe side effects after an injection can be post-vaccination sarcoma. This is a tumor that forms at the injection site. It can only be removed surgically.

What to do if you missed a vaccination

The vaccination schedule established by the doctor cannot be changed without permission, especially when it comes to primary vaccinations. Subsequently, revaccination is carried out every year, but the timing of the first injections is extremely important.

If the owner missed the deadline for administering the vaccine, one should be prepared for the fact that immunity will not be fully developed, that is, it will not be 100% stable. Sometimes skipping an injection is due to the pet's illness.

If you miss the time for administering the vaccine, you will have to take the course of this vaccination again and only after quarantine will the dog be able to go outside for a walk.

The first year of a puppy's life is very important for its entire life. It is possible to form an immune system resistant to infections only through vaccination. The vaccination schedule should be strictly followed; this is the only way your four-legged pet can get a healthy foundation for its future existence.

Tetanus

Most of us rightly associate tetanus with accidental injury. However, a heavily soiled wound is not the only danger. All deep wounds, especially contaminated ones, are susceptible to infection. The tetanus vaccine is given in childhood and it seems that there is nothing to be afraid of. But this vaccine differs from the above in that it does not provide lifelong immunity. The question is, is it worth it? Is tetanus really so dangerous that a vaccine really needs to be considered in advance? Unfortunately, yes, if a pregnant woman gets sick, her child faces not only developmental defects, but even death.