The Pomeranian Spitz breed, also called dwarf, is decorative and belongs to the small breeds. Some cynologists consider her breed to be a variety of the German Spitz species, while other experts consider the Pomeranian Spitz as a separate breed. In this article you will learn everything about the Pomeranian Spitz breed, its main characteristics, how many years these dogs live, how they treat children, what their character is and many other interesting and useful things.
Short description and features:
- life expectancy: 12-14 years;
- height: male – 18-22 cm, female – 16-20 cm;
- weight: male – 1.8-2.3 kg, female – 1.4-3.2 kg;
- color: 12 varieties;
- activity: high;
- Difficulty of parenting: below average;
- difficulty of training: below average;
- playfulness: extremely playful;
- attitude towards children: normal;
- child can study: 8-10 years old;
- attitude towards strangers: distrustful;
- attitude towards dogs: he bullies large dogs, because he considers himself a big dog.
- attitude towards other animals: adaptation is needed;
- destination: family friend.
Description of the Pomeranian Spitz breed
Popularity 2nd among 263 dog breeds
Lifespan:
14-16 years old
Breed group:
Decorative
Height:
18-22 cm
Country of origin:
Germany
Average price:
30-50 thousand rubles
Weight:
1.4-3.2 kg
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Boy
The normal weight of a boy is 1.8-2 kg.
Male Pomeranians are usually more assertive, less capricious, attentive and more demanding of attention from their family. They become very attached to their owners.
The boy, in most cases, is easily motivated by praise and food, which makes his learning easier.
All dogs are capable of marking territory. However, males do this more often than females. Boy dogs have a high sense of smell. Therefore, it is not surprising that a male can detect a female during estrus at a distance of up to 5 kilometers. This can encourage the pet to run, as hormones “tell” the dog to follow the female at any cost.
Key facts
As much as this fluffy bun, which looks like a soft toy, is unkind to mischievous children, it is so faithful and loving towards its owner.
A chain and a calm, measured life are not about the Pomeranian. Active style and long parties - this is the element and the main characteristic of the Pomeranian Spitz breed. The dog remains active until old age - he runs, swims and tumbles in the snow.
It has not been scientifically proven, but there is an assumption that Pomeranians treat depression. The Pomeranian adopts the traits of its beloved owner and, like a chameleon, adapts to the character and rhythm of the owner’s life.
The world famous composer Mozart raised a Pomeranian named Bimperl. The famous Austrian was so imbued with feelings for his pet that he wrote a short sonata for the dog. In addition to Mozart, Martin Luther and Sylvester Stallone kept a Spitz, and in Chekhov’s story “The Lady with a Dog” the main character walks with a Pomeranian Spitz according to the author’s idea. A Pomeranian dog appeared in The X-Files.
Regardless of the conditions in which the pet lives - in a spacious house or a small apartment - you need to walk the dog at least twice a day. Choose a spacious area to keep your Pomeranian in good shape. The description of the Pomeranian Spitz breed speaks of the need for high physical activity of the dog.
Spitz dogs come in the following colors: orange, sable, chocolate, blue, black, white. The baby's muzzle is half the size of the skull and is flattened.
The life expectancy of the Pomeranian Spitz is reaching a record. Dogs easily cross the threshold of 15-16 years, and some individuals live up to 20 years.
Kinds
Pomeranians are classified according to the main branches in the breed, coat color and size. Subspecies include:
- Japanese;
- Italian volpino;
- American Eskimo;
- German Wolfspitz;
- miniature Pomeranians;
- large individuals.
According to the color of their fluffy fur, Pomeranians are:
- bright red;
- redheads;
- black;
- white;
- brown;
- blue;
- cream;
- sable
According to the size of the spitzes, they are distinguished as:
- small or dwarf, which grows up to 29 cm;
- medium, height from 30 to 39 cm, which weighs up to 11 kg;
- large, growing up to 50 cm, and weighing up to 20 kg.
To determine the size and weight of a dog in the future, you can use a growth chart, taking into account its current age and weight, and calculate a further forecast according to its size. The table can be found on the Internet.
History of the origin of the Pomeranian Spitz
The Pomeranian didn't always look like a little fluffy ball. Now it is difficult to imagine that the ancestors of the Pomeranian - turf dogs - were used for movement and protection due to their endurance. In Iceland and Lapland, turf dogs are still in use. Later, the breed earned the respect of the nobility, and society ladies considered it an honor to appear at a social event with such a handsome friend.
Spitz dogs began to look miniature thanks to the Germans - the inhabitants of Germany bred Spitzhunds, which are the closest in appearance to Pomeranians. Researchers are still arguing who should be given credit for the breed: German Württemberg or Prussian Pomerania. In the end, we settled on the last option.
Queen Victoria of England became interested in the little beauty, and experts were racking their brains on how to turn a 15-kilogram animal into a smaller one, weighing three kilograms. In 1892, the plan was realized, and 11 years later the first exhibition of Pomeranians took place.
American dog breeders continued to work on reducing the breed and came across a problem - the small size of the dogs negatively affected the duration of the breed. Scientists have concluded that coat color affects size - white individuals grew the largest, but blue coat color was difficult to maintain.
The breed was given a laconic name - Pomeranian, but the International Canine Organization calls Pomeranians “German Spitz”.
Girl
In general, girls are slightly heavier than boys. The normal weight of a knot is 1.8–2.5 kg.
Many puppy buyers think that female puppies are sweeter, more obedient, attentive, and easier to train than male puppies. This is actually a myth.
The Spitz bitch can be independent, aloof, stubborn and very territorial. Pomeranian women love to dominate family members.
She may become moody and withdrawn during heat. This is partly due to the fact that hormone levels rise and fall sharply.
Appearance of a Pomeranian Spitz
General impression
The dog belongs to the dwarf breed. Contrary to this fact, the Spitz has muscles and a dense body. The height of the Pomeranian Spitz is equal to the length of its body - no more than 22 cm.
To participate in the exhibition, the weight of the pet must not exceed 2 kg. True, the dog shouldn’t weigh less either.
Owners lovingly compare the puppies to a mix between a fox and a bear cub. Looking at the photo of the Pomeranian Spitz, it is easy to draw an analogy with the mentioned animals.
Head
The head of the Spitz is small, wedge-shaped. Chubby cheeks hide existing cheekbones. The muzzle is half the size of the skull, the nose is black or brown. It's the same with lips. The triangular, pointed ears stand upright, but puppies are born with floppy ears. The beady eyes are slanted, oval shaped with dark lids. The Pomeranian is also called a fox cub because of its mischievous look.
Spitz dogs have 42 teeth and the upper jaw overlaps the lower jaw.
Neck
There is a lush frill on the neck. If you look at the neck from the side, you will notice a convexity. It is medium in length.
Frame
The Pomeranian's ribs can be easily felt, the belly is tucked, and the withers begin where the neck ends.
Forelegs
The legs stand wide, the shoulders are muscular, and the paws are like those of a cat. The pads are dark in color and the claws are pigmented black.
Hind limbs
The legs are parallel to each other. The paws are not as round as the front ones.
Tail
The shape of the middle tail resembles a twisted ring. The tail is set high, and part of it lies on the back.
Movement
The Spitz is light and flexible when running. It pushes off with its hind legs and springs.
Wool
Double fur. The hair on the head is short, as well as on the ears and paws. The hair on the body is longer. The fluffy, rich tail imperceptibly blends into the “pants.”
Color
According to the approved rules, there are nine colors of the Pomeranian Spitz - white, red, blue, cream, black, blue, sable, chocolate and multi-colored.
It’s up to you to choose what color you want to buy, but please note when purchasing that clear white spots on the fur are considered a defect.
Size
When standing, a boy Spitz reaches 22 cm at the withers, a girl – 18 cm. The weight of a Pomeranian Spitz does not exceed 3.2 kg. A too thick physique indicates impending obesity. The size of the Pomeranian is ideal for those who want to have a four-legged friend in the apartment.
Types of oranges
Characteristics of fox type dogs
The American Kennel Club considers this species to be the classic standard of the common Pomeranian. Unlike others, “foxes” are more characterized by grace and elegance. Animals have a proportional physique. The fox type of breed is characterized by:
- Less dense, but silky, soft coat.
- High limbs.
- Long fingers.
- Moderate volume of a small chest.
- Erect triangular ears.
- Scissor bite.
- Longer tail than the bear-type Spitz.
Bear-type Pomeranian: features
The appearance of the pets is characterized by a short, wide and flattened muzzle, a round head and eyes of the same shape, located close to each other. The dog's cheekbones are covered with thick fur: because of this, it seems that it has chubby cheeks. The resemblance to a bear cub is enhanced by the raised tip of the nose and the slightly upturned chin of the kitten.
Bear-type oranges are the result of fashion trends. Unscrupulous breeders, wanting to sell animals at a higher price, select individuals with the shortest muzzles, the size of which is sometimes only 1 centimeter. These pets grow up sickly: their airways are shortened, making it difficult to breathe. The result is damage to the trachea, heart and shortened life span. Such dogs are characterized by syringomyelia, a disease of the central nervous system that affects the entire body.
Conscientious breeders know: you can achieve a touching appearance with a competent haircut. At the same time, the traditional exterior of the dog is preserved.
Features of toy dogs
The breed was formed by crossing the typical Pomeranian Spitz and other decorative breeds. This is an intermediate type between fox and bear. It is difficult to distinguish a toy Spitz from a “bear cub”: their appearance is identical. The difference is:
- flatter muzzle;
- eyes set high and slightly spaced apart.
Mini Pomeranian Spitz (dwarf) - description of the breed
The pet has fur that resembles cotton wool and is very short in stature; physique and appearance are no different from other varieties. Mini Pomeranian (dwarf) Spitz dogs have a stubborn, cocky and unique character. The owner needs to train the dog from an early age. Having tiny parameters, the Pomeranian strives for dominance and can conflict with other dogs.
Character of the Pomeranian Spitz
The dogs' tiny size is compensated by their big hearts and unstoppable enthusiasm. The animal will not quietly lie in your pocket and wait for you to pay attention to it. The Spitz enjoys gambling and walks in the fresh air. Combine both points. Even a trained Pomeranian does not hesitate to run after birds and toys; in addition, he will rush to help in the event of an attack.
Natural tact will not allow a well-mannered Spitz to wake you up early in the morning - the dog will wait until you get some sleep, and sometimes lie around with you. After work, the little bear will greet its owner with hugs. The animal will respond to a suspicious rustle with a loud bark - pay special attention to this aspect in raising your pet.
If you teach your pet to communicate with children from childhood, then in the future the adult dog will grow up to be a reliable companion. The Spitz will react unkindly to strangers holding out their hand on the street to stroke its shiny fur, and it is not a fact that it will allow this.
At home he gets along with other animals, but likes to dominate. He is wary of rats, birds and hamsters - he may become interested in them and mistake them for lunch.
If you got a puppy, then let his energy escape, otherwise life in the apartment will turn into hell - the attributes of furniture and decor will be used.
It is convenient to take the dog on trips - the Spitz will be happy about this, and the breed’s acclimatization goes smoothly. In general terms, the character of the Pomeranian Spitz not only touches, but also makes you admire the small but proud dog.
Owner reviews
The breed is not at all suitable for owners with a very busy working day. Also, Spitz will not get along with passive, phlegmatic people who do not like activity and walks. Owners cannot talk about the disadvantages of the breed, because they consider Pomeranians to be the cutest creatures.
- Kirill (Moscow):
“We bought a dog for my wife, we didn’t have any extra financial resources, so we chose it without plans for a show career. The puppy was taken without flaws, good pet class, but with a pedigree. It turned out to be a living dog that met all the characteristics of the standard. Very active, friendly, cheerful, barks loudly, and guards the apartment well. There are no problems with care, all procedures are standard, the dog tolerates bathing and haircuts. Wool, of course, falls out almost all year round, so we try to comb it more often.”
- Ekaterina (city of Kemerovo):
“We dreamed of a Spitz for a long time, we bought not the standard one, but the bear type, but this prevents him from being a super star in the city. There are absolutely no cons. A flexible, affectionate dog, he just barks loudly. Doesn't really like strangers, but quickly gets used to them, easily follows and remembers commands. We feed him dry food, pamper him with fruits and vegetables, the pet is not picky.”
- Elena (Latvia, Riga):
“My red fox is the most flexible animal, but only within the family. The Pomeranian is affectionate, kind, loves her relatives, but is jealous of all other pets and strangers. Barks frequently and reacts to all noises outside the door. She’s very cheerful and active, she runs with me in the morning, she behaves well and restrained when traveling.”
Spitz are not just little lumps that look like toys. In fact, these dogs are too active and loving; not all owners will like their pets’ excessive positivity and constant readiness to play. It is important to select a puppy not only based on external data, but also according to the breed standard of character traits.
5 / 5 ( 5 votes)
Education and training
The Pomeranian is one of the most intelligent dogs among toy breeds in the world. Only his stubborn nature will hinder his training. Conventional methods of raising and training a Pomeranian will not work - study your pet and find an individual approach.
Do not pay attention to the funny, touching appearance - the pet is capable of serious exercise and work, despite its appearance and size. There will be no problems in training if the Spitz feels that you are a strong owner. Once inspired, your four-legged friend will delight you with tricks worthy of circus performances. But if for a moment he turns out to be stronger than you, then do not expect obedience.
The fluffy bun appreciates delicacy and praise. He does not accept cruelty and criticism, and will react to disrespect with aggression and arrogant behavior.
Trainers warn that the question “how to toilet train?” may be a problem. Incontinence in Spitz dogs is related to physiology - the bladder does not store contents for a long time.
At three months, teach your puppy etiquette around strangers. There are no ideas on how to wean a student from asking from the table - ignore the plaintive hungry look. Otherwise, don't expect respect. Is it possible to be tough and tyrant? No, either, keep the golden mean
Bring reward food for your pet on a walk. The puppy should walk with you for half of the walking time, not pick up anything from the ground and not approach strangers.
Looking for a Pomeranian? Find your pet from 6 offers Buy as a gift
List of nicknames
When choosing a name for a Spitz boy or girl, you should remember that this is a dog of aristocratic origin, and it is better to exclude offensive nicknames. Be that as it may, the owner will still affectionately call his shaggy treasure and the noble nicknames will turn into Musya, Pupsik and Bubochka.
Dog breeders advise calling the dog a short name, not exceeding two syllables, so that it is easier for the animal to remember its name, and the owner can quickly pronounce the name during a walk.
The following nicknames are suitable for boys:
- Rocky, Casper, Elvis, Raisin, Dymchik, Verdi;
- Umka, Bublik, Zhik, Danko, Zeus, Lord and others.
For girls, more feminine names are suitable, for example:
- Lucky, Rippy, Vega, Daffney, Elka, Zizi, Kiwi;
- Spark, Roxy, Chelsea, Lexi, Zhani and others.
Pomeranian Spitz Health and Diseases
Compared to other dwarf breeds, the Spitz is full of strength and bearish health.
Mats may form on the fur or, conversely, dogs are susceptible to baldness in certain areas and black skin disease, when the hair falls out and the skin becomes pigmented. This disease does not negatively affect the internal organs.
Possible diseases
Marbled Pomeranians are sometimes born deaf, with high eye pressure and irregular eye lining.
Diseases characteristic of Spitz:
- weak ligaments;
- dislocation of the knee joint;
- gastritis;
- cough;
- atrophied retina;
Tumors are rare.
It is important to monitor the food and your pet’s reaction to it to see if there is an allergy. Poor nutrition can cause hair loss and obesity.
If your tailed friend is inactive and lethargic, whines, suffers from shortness of breath, limps, refuses to eat, and his face is sad, it’s time to find a smart veterinarian and call him to your home.
Reproductive health
It is better for girls to prepare for childbirth at the age of no earlier than two years, and do not worry that estrus will begin as early as six months - the breed is miniature, so early pregnancy threatens complications. The boy is ready to continue the birth after six months, but the period after a year is considered a favorable time.
Dogs must be healthy, without epilepsy, diabetes - otherwise the fertilization process is prohibited. A month before day X, vaccinate the newlyweds and treat them against parasites.
Mate your pets in the morning, before the exciting process, leave the animals hungry and make sure that they satisfy their physiological needs. Mating takes place at the boy's home and is controlled by the owners.
If you feel unsure, invite a knitting instructor. Remove unnecessary spectators from the room. Let the future parents meet and muzzle the female. During the process, make sure that the female does not twitch and damage the male’s organ. Dogs must remain in the “castle” for 15 minutes.
After an exciting event, you need a good walk. For greater persuasiveness and support for future offspring, repeat the mating after two days - the dogs will feel more confident the second time.
Sterilization should be carried out two weeks before estrus or two months after it.
Mating
Full sexual maturity reaches doggies at 2-2.5 years. After the third heat, the girl is considered ready to give birth to puppies. The best days for mating are considered to be 13-15 from the beginning of the estrus itself. The owner needs to record the beginning of the cycle, its middle and end. Note possible matings and pregnancies. The female flows twice a year (with an interval of 6-10 months), it is better to breed through a cycle so as not to exhaust the girl.
After the start of a new cycle, the owner must contact the breed club to select a candidate for mating. There the dogs are analyzed, their positive and negative qualities and compatibility are compared. The owners sign a contract, receive certificates, and agree on a place and time.
Spitz are small, they don't need much space, but it wouldn't hurt to get some help. Due to their short stature and square format, it is simply uncomfortable for pets to stand, so in the process the female is supported under the belly, and the male by the lower back.
Dogs need time to get to know each other. After 10-15 minutes (if fully prepared), the female will allow mounting. The lock guarantees a positive result, but even if it is absent, pregnancy is not excluded. Mating is repeated after 2 days.
Read a detailed article on the topic: “Everything you need to know about breeding dogs: appropriate age, what to do if it doesn’t work out, rules and tips.”
Features of feeding and diet
Be patient and do not feed your Spitz from the table, no matter how much you want to. Sweets, flour, smoked foods, milk, river fish, fatty and spicy foods are prohibited in the diet. Use turkey, beef, grains and vegetables, one egg per week.
What food to give and how to feed is up to you. According to the observations of the owners, dry food, even if it is super-premium, will cost less than natural food. Look at the condition of the dog, what to feed, how many times to feed and whether it is possible to give the pet certain foods.
Puppy Feeding Guide
Find out how the puppy ate in the kennel and feed him the same food so that he acclimatizes. After two weeks, introduce your rules.
At 3-4 months, feed 4 times a day. Don't give dry treats or bones - your puppy will choke or get hurt. Chew on a raw beef knee joint. Before doing this, leave the knee in the freezer for three days.
Adult Feeding Guide
After four months, the Spitz eats three times a day. According to this routine, the animal lives for up to a year. Afterwards, limit your diet and leave two meals.
How much to feed - the norms are calculated not by age, but by body weight - 30 grams of meat per day per kilogram of the pet’s weight.
Remove food that your pet has not eaten within 15 minutes. Have meals at the same time every day. The pet's dining room should be clean and ventilated, and the water should be clean.
Nutrition
A properly formulated diet for a Pomeranian is an important part of caring for your pet. If the food is of poor quality and unbalanced, this will affect its activity and coat. The coat will lose its shine, constant shedding will begin, and the dog will feel tired.
Expert opinion
Anna Abramenko
An avid dog lover. Experience in veterinary medicine since 2009.
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From puppyhood, the dog should be accustomed to regular foods, with dry food as a supplement. If a dog is accustomed to this diet from childhood, it will begin to refuse normal food.
When bringing a puppy from another owner, where he spent the first months of his life, you should also obtain information about what the dog was fed. It takes time to switch from one diet to another, from 7 to 10 days. You need to change products gradually.
The orange diet should contain:
- raw and cooked meat;
- dairy products;
- cottage cheese;
- stewed vegetables with vegetable oil;
- eggs;
- dried fruits.
It is necessary to monitor the weight of a small dog, since breeds with short legs will have difficulty moving when their body weight begins to exceed the norm. Fat dogs become lazy and lose activity.
Foods that are unhealthy for a Spitz and cause problems with weight and health are the following:
- whole milk;
- fatty pork;
- fried and smoked foods;
- sweet products;
- sausage;
- salty food;
- cold and hot dishes.
Useful article: What to feed your Spitz: 10 best premium dry food for Pomeranian and German Spitz
Care and maintenance
Half of the problems will disappear if the pet adheres to proper nutrition. The second half of the problem lies in the thick coat. Pomeranians shed twice a year. Females also lose their fur during estrus and after giving birth. So if you want your Pomeranian to look neat in general photos, take care of the coat first.
A long-haired breed should not be allowed to breed. Make it a habit to brush every four days, or daily when shedding. Brush outside and against the grain - this is also a good massage. Bald spots are a sign that you are using the wrong shampoo or food.
If you are lazy and don’t comb, your home will not only become dirty with fur, which is not so bad - your pet will develop dermatitis or parasites will appear on the skin. Therefore, the care and maintenance of a Pomeranian Spitz requires a lot of time and effort.
Carry out washing twice a month and, in addition to shampoo, purchase conditioner for soft wool. To prevent the coat from growing shapeless, use thinning scissors to cut hair that is too long and shorten the coat under the tail.
To avoid hurting your pet, spray the fur with a special spray. The hair will not split and the tangles will unravel faster.
Visit a pet grooming salon for the first time to observe how to care for your Pomeranian's coat. You will be taught how to round the hair on the ears, cut the hairs between the fingers and in the ears, make a collar and design a skirt and pants.
Trim your nails once a month, and don’t forget about filing. Inspect the paws after walks and lubricate the dry skin of the pads with oil.
For the oral cavity, purchase brushes and pastes, bones from the pet store to remove plaque from the teeth. To prevent tartar, give solid food.
The ears should be pink and dense - clean them with cotton swabs and pads. Place a 3% peroxide solution in your ear and remove the wax after 30 seconds.
Animal care has a fashionable foreign word - grooming. And you are a groomer, a person who knows how to care for your pet.
Food allergies
For dogs with allergies, many manufacturers have produced hypoallergenic food.
A Spitz can be allergic to any product. This often happens when switching from natural to ready-made food or vice versa. But a product familiar to a dog’s diet can also become an allergen. The first symptoms are scratching of the pet, lacrimation, and stool disturbances. If they appear, the Spitz should be given an antihistamine and taken to a specialist. The veterinarian will be able to reliably determine the cause of the allergy and prescribe the correct treatment.
Tips for choosing a puppy
For advice on choosing a puppy, contact a professional. You will find them at dog shows. Consultation with a specialist will determine the price.
Choose a goal - show-class puppies are suitable for exhibitions, breed-class for breeding, pet-class for home use. It is possible that the show champion will emerge from the last category.
Pomeranian puppies are curious and playful. Extend your hand - the puppy should not be afraid of it. Decide whether to adopt a dog with a defect, regardless of the attractive price.
To understand what color an adult dog will be, look behind the ear. If a different shade is visible behind the ears, then your dog will definitely not be white. A dark puppy can grow into a light Spitz and vice versa. At two months it is impossible to determine the color of an adult dog.
Choose trusted breeders, and watch videos and pictures of puppies before your trip. Learn about screening dogs for eye diseases and diseases.
Briefly about the main thing
- Pomeranian Spitz is a miniature breed of decorative dogs with excellent health.
- The luxurious fur coat consists of a thick undercoat and guard hair - the main feature of the orange.
- They are active, playful, devoted dogs, and when properly trained, are non-aggressive and obedient.
- Pomeranians are prone to dominance and need strict but fair upbringing.
- Attentiveness, sensitivity and distrust make the Spitz a good guard.
Tell us in the comments what difficulties you encountered in raising your Pomeranian?
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How much does a Pomeranian cost?
The price of a Pomeranian Spitz depends on whether you are looking for a pet class animal for home and play, or a brilliant and purebred pet. An elite four-legged dog will cost from 50,000 to 100,000 rubles. You will find a simpler nobleman for 30 - 50 thousand.
Save money and adopt a dog without documents for 15,000 rubles. Keep in mind - the female is more expensive. This is explained by the fact that few puppies are born - no more than three.
The cost also depends on the availability and number of vaccinations, the reputation of the nursery, pedigree, documents and seller.
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Breeding
It is considered to be a difficult breed to breed. This is associated with the small size of the animal. A girl gives birth to 1-3 puppies at a time.
You must bring together purebred individuals of the breeding class to obtain purebred offspring. The breed-class pet fully complies with the standard. They must also have the appropriate documents: passport and confirmed pedigree.
Introduce the individuals before mating. It is important that the girl is slightly larger than the boy. Make sure your animals have all required vaccinations.
Estrus in females lasts about 22 days and occurs in 2 stages. The most favorable time for mating is after 10-12 days from the beginning of menstruation.
Leave the couple in a separate, quiet room during mating.
The pregnancy of an individual lasts 58-64 days.
For the first three weeks, the bitch may not show any signs of pregnancy. The female may develop toxicosis in the next 10 days. After the 5th week, obvious signs of an interesting position should appear, such as a rounded tummy and swollen nipples.
A girl's temperature may fluctuate during the last week of pregnancy and she will become restless.
Ensure that a veterinarian is present during the birth, especially if it is your female’s first.
Newborn puppies weigh from 55 to 125 g.
