Chinchilla - maintenance, feeding and care in an apartment, house: rules, recommendations, list of permitted and prohibited products, real reviews from owners

Chinchillas A chinchilla is a rodent from the chinchilla family, externally similar to something in between... known both as pets and as fur-bearing animals. Funny appearanceA species is an evolutionarily developed set of individuals, characterized by a single... and cheerful disposition make these animals real pets. But since the chinchilla is a rodent from the chinchilla family, which looks like something in between... and comes from the distant South American Andes, not everyone knows what conditions need to be created for keeping these animals at home.

Chinchilla and its maintenance at home: let's start with studying the appearance

Interesting: At the beginning of the 20th century, the wild rodent was practically destroyed because of its valuable fur and was listed in the Red Book. When the threat of extermination arose, many tried to save the animal, but all attempts to keep the chinchilla at home ended in its death! For the first time, M. Chapman managed to transport a rodent from the mountains in 1973, who began breeding them on a farm with 3 females and 8 males!

In nature, there are generally only two varieties of this rodent - the small long-tailed chinchilla and the large short-tailed chinchilla, the content of which is no different. They all have a natural gray color called agouti - darker on the back, lighter on the belly and paws. But in captivity, breeders have bred more than 40 different breeds of chinchillas, distinguished by a variety of colors. Now you can buy a chinchilla not just white, but velvety white. But that's not all - there are animals of beige with a pink tint, sapphire or purple color.

Species and habitat

Chinchillas are cute, charming animals that are easily tamed, tolerate captivity well and have a lifespan of 12-15, and sometimes up to 20 years. Their weight is 500-800 g, while females are always larger than boys
Body length - 25-38 cm
Tail length – 8-17 cm; The short-tailed species has very massive hind legs and neck

Chinchillas are very active, jumping and funny creatures. They have well-developed hearing, vision and smell, they are easy to train and can even follow simple commands. They are friendly towards familiar people are able to recognize the owner by voice and get bored in his absence. to other animals and are not inclined to communicate with them.

Chinchillas have a very pleasant appearance - a round head with an expressive face, deep-set black eyes, round ears, small paws with five thin, mobile fingers.

Unlike many other rodents, chinchillas are very clean and even if they have a small living space, they always clearly demarcate places for sleeping, eating and toileting. In addition, they love to take baths, but from sand. Therefore, they always have a clean skin that does not have a specific odor. By the way, they have unique ears - they are equipped with a special membrane that does not let particles inside the ear.

The fur of these animals is also unique - up to 70 thin hairs grow from each hair follicle; for every centimeter of the body there can be up to 20 thousand of them, which creates its incredible density, making it very beautiful and pleasant to the touch. Chinchilla fur is believed to be hypoallergenic.

Important: But do not forget that basic animal hygiene items such as sand or litter do not have such hypoallergenic properties. Therefore, if you have a predisposition to allergies or asthma attacks, then it is worth considering this aspect. Although, if you think like this, then any animal may be prohibited for you, since in any case there will be risks!

Review

What to feed?

A properly formulated diet for a pet is the key to its health. The basis of chinchilla nutrition is special ready-made dry food, which should be purchased at pet stores. The purchased diet is ideally balanced for feeding a pet and is divided into types, depending on the age of the rodent. It contains all the necessary minerals and trace elements for growth and normal development.

It is necessary to put food in the feeder every evening before bed, when the pet's activity phase begins. The following additional components should be present in the chinchilla's diet as a treat:

green plants : clover, yarrow, alfalfa, nettle, dandelion, apple and hazel branches;
fruits and berries : rose hips, figs, raisins, dried apricots, beets, dried carrots, dried apples;
hay of legumes , cereals, multi-colored and asteraceous crops.

Delicious berries
Some foods are contraindicated for chinchillas, for example, cabbage and raw potatoes. The rodent's stomach will not be able to digest meat products, cheeses and milk. You should not spoil your pet with food from the table, since such a treat will give him severe stomach pain in the future.

The following herbs are poisonous to rodents:

horsetail;
fern;
buttercup;
henbane;
St. John's wort.

Keeping chinchillas: learning signal sounds

A chinchilla, which can be kept at home or in the wild, always makes sounds that are very diverse in volume and tonality, which always mean something:

cooing sound - satisfaction;
a sound similar to a duck quack - pleasure from food while eating;
tweeting and quacking - dissatisfaction;
blowing your nose and growling (sometimes accompanied by clicking your teeth) – indignation;
a frequently repeated squeak – the cub is calling its mother;
a sound similar to crying - a stressful state;
a sharp piercing squeak - fear and pain;
a sound similar to the intermittent barking of a dog - a warning of danger;
a menacing, abrupt sound similar to a growl - a war cry.

Important: But chinchillas are very afraid of sharp and loud sounds, especially screaming and music, as well as bright light! A strong and sharp bang, for example, can even lead to death. It is especially important to maintain silence during the adaptation period!
For this reason, it is dangerous to have a chinchilla in families with small children. Also, due to the fact that the animal is considered exotic, anyone under 12 years old should refrain from purchasing it!

They are very friendly and smart

Where do they live?

The historical homeland of the chinchilla is South America. Colonies of animals lived almost along the entire western coast. During the period of active trapping of fur-bearing animals, hunters burned vegetation to get to their burrows and shelters. A significant decrease in the number of animals, as well as the destruction of some plant species, reduced the habitat of the genus.

Currently, chinchillas are found only in central Chile, where the Chinchilla National Reserve was created in 1983 to preserve them.

Where do chinchillas live?

The usual habitat is mountainous terrain with little vegetation. Animals make shelters for themselves between stones, in crevices, caves; if necessary, they can dig a hole or make a home in the abandoned holes of other animals.

Keeping chinchillas: behavioral characteristics, character

The main characteristics of their behavior:

Animal Reproduction

A pregnant female carries children for about 120 days, during which time she gains weight well. There can be from 1 to 6 children in a litter.

An interesting fact is that after giving birth on the same day, the female begins to demand a male for the next fertilization. It’s up to you to decide whether to add a male or not, but you need to adhere to the rule: no more than two births per year. A larger amount puts a greater burden on the female’s body.

During the first days after birth, children eat only mother's milk. But in a female, not all mammary glands work, but only the first pair, very rarely - two pairs. Stronger children push away weaker ones, and there are often fights between them. In such cases, you must either ensure that all children receive milk and control this process, or feed them with artificial formula from a bottle.

Breastfeeding can last up to two months, then the grown-up offspring completely switches to an adult diet.

Keeping chinchillas: choosing a cage, a display case for a house, apartment, how to arrange it - rules

In order for your animal to be healthy, happy and make you happy with its existence, it is necessary to provide it with normal living conditions. But it cannot be said that chinchilla has very limited content. They are relatively unpretentious, just quite impressionable.

Take care of the house where your pet will live

It should be a spacious cage, at least 70 cm high and 50 cm wide, allowing him to run and jump freely. Please note that the distance between the rods should be no more than 2 cm. And it’s even better if you provide your pet with a so-called showcase - a taller and more spacious structure made of natural materials - wood, chipboard or fiberboard with three blank walls and an open front fine mesh side. The display case has a number of advantages over the cage - garbage does not spill out of it, it is easier to clean and the animal feels more comfortable in it.

Cage, display case and bath tray

Approximate plan for placing objects: The cage or display case should have shelves on which the chinchilla will happily run. In general, the animal prefers heights. And also, if space allows, it is advisable to install a running wheel and a hammock for entertainment;
house should be built in a separate corner in which the animal will rest. Ideally, make it from wood, but a plastic analogue will also work. The main thing is that there is a roof and a minimum of holes. The chinchilla will use it to hide from prying eyes. It should be cleaned once every 5-7 days;
should be hung nearby . They should never be placed on the floor because they may be overturned during play. In this matter, regular rodent devices will do. They should be placed approximately 5-10 cm from the base;
The tray with the filler should be located on the opposite side of the cage;
The floors should be covered with carpet or sawdust. It is very good to use pine litter for the tray, as it also disinfects the animal’s paws well;
Be sure to buy a tray for bathing in the sand. Yes, not just, but zeolite! Zeolite is of volcanic origin and is suitable for bathing furry rodents. It needs to be cleaned approximately once every 2 weeks. The tray dimensions are approximately 20 by 30 cm. By the way, you can make it yourself from a plastic flask or canister. Above in the photo we showed an example;
It also wouldn’t hurt to put stones for sharpening teeth or chalk stone, tree branches;
Don't forget about toys. As a piece of advice, she will much more appreciate just the same branch, a wooden construction set, cubes or walnut shells. You can build a tunnel from pipes;
Buy a hay box - although the chinchilla is clean, it is more convenient to take the hay from a special container. By the way, if grass falls on the floor, be sure to pick it up. This way you will prolong the cleanliness in the cage!

Important: General cleaning of the house should be done once a month. Do not use disinfectants for the toilet under any circumstances - they are extremely dangerous for the animal’s respiratory system. Treat with soda, or soda ash - it disinfects perfectly, has no odor, is harmless and costs a penny. We wash all items, pour boiling water over them and rinse with cold water, and finally wipe everything well!

You will also find useful information on how to train an animal to use its own toilet.

How to train to the tray

Diet

Chinchillas are quite delicate animals, and their diet at home must be selected very carefully. What do chinchillas eat? The main food for them is dry hay (it must be properly dried, with a pleasant herbal smell).

Fresh, high-quality hay should always be in the cage. If there is not enough hay, the animal may die.

In addition to hay, the chinchilla is fed with special food, and the following are suitable complementary foods: cereal flakes, dried leaves, herbs or roots, corn and flax seed, dried pieces of vegetables. These animals happily gnaw on branches of fruit trees and bushes: apple, cherry, raspberry or currant trees. The main thing is that everything is dry and free of moisture.

Chinchillas need to be given water. Make sure the water is always fresh.

A responsible attitude to the selection of chinchilla nutrition prolongs their life; more than half of the animals die prematurely from intestinal disorders.

Keeping chinchillas: how to make friends with the animal?

Don't force your friendship! Keeping chinchillas is only voluntary - give the animal time to adapt to the new house. It is possible that his appetite will even temporarily disappear or worsen. But this is only for a few days. Continue to change food on time and wash bowls.
And when the rodent has settled into its new home, which takes approximately 2-5 days, you can move on to the acquaintance stage. But don't grab him right away! For this reason, it will be extremely difficult for families with children to adapt a chinchilla, because it will simply be even more frightened by the sudden pressure and move away even more. In addition, as we have already said, her heart can stop from fear.
All these days we walk and pay attention, but we don’t sit for hours near the cage, knocking on the house - when the rodent gets out and runs around on a wheel. Leave her alone, but every time you pass by, turn to her and talk. At this stage you can give her a nickname.
It is recommended, but not all family members should do this and not every hour, to give her a treat. In general, we lure them through food. Ideally, give it by hand, but at first just put the food in the cage so that the rodent can see it while talking to it. They love raisins very much, but they can eat no more than 1 piece per day. And you should give it in half or a quarter, because it weakens greatly! We use this method only at the acquaintance stage or in extreme cases.
Then we move on to the next stage - we open the door and try to feed him by hand. Over time, the animal will gain courage and take its first steps towards you. Sometimes they can express the joy of waiting for a tasty treat with sound - this is also a good sign.
Then try scratching the rodent behind the ear or under the chin. Over time, the pet will take this step - this is already the stage of rapprochement. And after that you can try to pick him up.
Also, if a chinchilla doesn’t want to go out for a walk, then he doesn’t force it, but usually the question is framed differently - she doesn’t want to go in. To do this, we lure them with raisins or a bathing tray. If this number does not work, then carefully take it at the base of the tail, and hold it from below with your other hand.
And one more word - the chinchilla is restless, so don’t expect it to sit in your arms to be petted.

We lure you with treats

Taming and walking

Chinchillas are self-sufficient animals by nature, preferring solitude. They cannot be raised and tamed like dogs or cats, although there are exceptions. Some furry representatives show affection and happily sit in the arms of the owner.

How to tame a pet chinchilla:

During the first days of a week of living in a new home, the rodent needs to adapt. During this period it is better to leave him alone.
Starting from the 3rd week, you can begin taming: talk to your pet, try to open the cage and extend your hand to the chinchilla. This may interest her, she will begin to sniff the palm and quietly bite the fingers. Chinchilla bites are absolutely safe and painless.
When the chinchilla gets used to the owner's hand, it can jump onto the palm. The owner does not need to make sudden movements and try to pull the pet out of the cage. At first, such communication procedures are enough.
For any success in training, you can reward your chinchilla with a tasty treat.
When the rodent gets used to the person, you can try to lure him out of the cage and put him in your arms. Prepare a treat for your furry friend in advance. Gently stroke the fur on the neck, ears and chest, encouraging the animal with kind words. Try not to stroke your chinchilla's back or sides; he won't like it.
Communicate with the chinchilla, calling it by name, let it get used to its nickname.
Do not pick up your chinchilla against its will. She may get scared and bite or scratch in self-defense. Another fighting technique of this rodent is shooting urine at the enemy.

If a chinchilla finds contact with its owner unpleasant, it will make a dissatisfied noise. At such moments, it is better to leave the rodent alone and postpone all attempts to tame the pet to another time. Let her calm down and get used to attention from people.

Keeping a chinchilla at home: reviews from owners

A chinchilla is just a fluffy ball of incredibly soft fur. And one cannot call them too picky in matters of maintenance, but chinchillas, like all rodents, require certain conditions. Let's look at real reviews from owners who got this pet.

Veronica, 28 years old

I really wanted a chinchilla after I held it in my hands at the tactile zoo. She, of course, immediately cost more than a regular hamster, but desire took over. I'll start with something pleasant. Very beautiful, soft and interesting. You can really watch her for hours. Regarding nutrition - like an ordinary rodent, it eats corn, peas and other grains, hay. You can buy it at any pet store without any problems. She doesn't smell at all! This is a big plus! You don't need to bathe her, but I'll talk about sand later. As advice from me, you need to take a solid wheel. Otherwise, the chinchilla's paw may become sharp between the bars, and it may break! And all because the chinchilla runs by jumping.

This is my beauty
And now I’m telling you about my mistakes! First, I took a small cage. Good thing, at a friend’s dacha I found a wooden shelving unit with a mesh door attached to it. She needs a lot of space to play, so even standard cages for chinchillas are best taken to the maximum size, with at least two floors. My second disappointment is that she doesn’t just walk in the evening, but late in the evening, after 10 and until the morning. In general, in my one-room apartment this noise was simply incredibly tiring. Another mistake I made was letting him go for a walk without a ball! I chewed through the internet cable. It’s good that the animal was not hurt, but the Internet was lost. There are still more disadvantages than advantages - she litters like an ordinary hamster. I thought it was a very smart and clean animal. Perhaps it’s not the chinchilla that’s the issue here, it’s just that, like any rodent, it goes to the toilet with peas and eats hay and grain! And you need to monitor the cage, if not every day, then definitely every 2 days. I vacuumed my apartment twice a day and it was still always dirty. I am mostly at work, so for me such cleaning before going out and upon arriving home took a lot of time.
As a result, after 4 months of torment we had to say goodbye - the owner was found quickly. In general, my verdict is this: a very beautiful and interesting animal. But this is a nocturnal rodent, albeit a furry one! Therefore, he needs a noise-isolated room so that he does not disturb his sleep during the day, and he does not disturb people at night.

Elizaveta, 32 years old

I'm very happy with the purchase - our whole family is crazy about it. It's been exactly a year since we got a new family member. I won’t tell you how cute and beautiful they are - you can already see from the photo. I will dispel the main myths and tell you what it is like to become the owner of a chinchilla. She is not picky, but needs special care. And the first thing is a lot of space. We have a private house, two floors. Therefore, her noise at night does not bother us, and she sleeps most of the day. She needs a big house and a lot of toys in it. We bought this display case for 5 thousand rubles. By the way, the purchase itself for the first time cost more than 13 thousand!

This is our house and food
As you can see, we have a lot of food supplies - and that's not all! The chinchilla does not eat much, but requires a variety of food. If she is tired of food, she will throw it out through the cage and refuse it completely. But this is not the worst thing - monotony in food can also cause digestive problems. Their stomach is very receptive and they should be given absolutely clean things - I prepare many of them myself when I come to my parents in the village. The second point that chinchilla owners are often not ready for is cleaning. What do you expect when you buy a rodent? She is relatively very clean and does not smell like hamsters, for example. But you need to clean it at least 2-3 times a week or when it gets dirty. If you have a cage, place a tray underneath - this will significantly reduce the time. With a showcase, everything is much simpler. But I do every day:
I give you something to drink and eat, it’s always fresh, even if there’s some left over
I monitor the temperature and humidity
I'm removing boluses. Speaking of them, on a chinchilla they should not smear; after a short period of time they become hard.
And I do this about 3 times a week:
my feeder and water bowl
I wipe the cage itself and all the toys and shelves
I'm doing disinfection
I put the bathing suit on

loves to sit in her arms
. She is very friendly, she makes contact quickly, but she is afraid of some guests, especially small children. She's scared of the noise! Our daughter is already an adult, so there were no problems with this. But if you have children who are under 10 or at least 8 years old, then do not torture the animal! She bathes in a very interesting way - this action still delights us all. Chinchillas can rearrange objects themselves - be prepared for this. They are very fast, smart and cunning, especially if they want to get out of the cage. You definitely can’t walk them on a leash; even around the house you only need to walk in a ball or under supervision! They have soft claws so they don't scratch or bite. For me, this is an ideal pet, which, like any type of animal, requires a little attention and care!

Keeping chinchillas is not particularly difficult, but relatively expensive. Although just such a pet will be an indicator of your high position, because not everyone can afford a chinchilla. And it’s not even a matter of finances, she’s a little demanding about the proper space for games. In addition, you should have your pet’s own room - after all, this is a nocturnal rodent that loves to make noise at night.

Possible diseases

For a number of reasons, your pet chinchilla can get sick. In such cases, the pet will require immediate medical attention. An experienced specialist will conduct a diagnosis and select a treatment course based on special medications intended for rodents.

What diseases can a chinchilla develop:

Hyperthermia is overheating of the body. This condition occurs if the recommended temperature regime is not observed. The deterioration of the pet’s condition begins already at an ambient temperature of +250C. If the air warms up to 300C, the chinchilla may die suddenly. The main symptoms of hyperthermia: immobility, redness of the tongue, stretching of the body while lying on its side, convulsions. First aid: the cage with the chinchilla needs to be moved to a cool place. To relieve her condition, it is recommended to moisten the outside of her ears and paw pads with cool water. To prevent dehydration, give your chinchilla water to drink.
Abnormal stools and liquid feces are a fairly common problem in domestic chinchillas that arise as a result of poor quality nutrition or after a change in food. The owner needs to disinfect the cage and review the chinchilla’s diet. To combat loose stools, special medications are used that can be purchased at a veterinary pharmacy.
Colds - occur due to hypothermia of the animal. For example, if the cage is in a draft or the chinchilla has been in low temperatures for a long time. Main symptoms: runny nose, cough, sneezing, watery eyes, lethargy. Chinchilla colds can be treated with medications prescribed by a veterinarian.
Ringworm is manifested by hair loss in a certain area of the body. It develops as a result of stress or fear, as well as due to low immunity, unsanitary living conditions, or after contact with an infected pet. It is treated with special ointments as prescribed by a doctor.

In addition to the listed pathologies, the domestic chinchilla can develop diseases of the eyes, ears, digestive organs, reproductive system, and even have a stroke. Proper care and quality nutrition will reduce the risk of developing diseases.

How many years do chinchillas live at home?

Chinchillas are a long-living rodent, with an average lifespan of 15 to 25 years. This period varies depending on the quality of care and living conditions of the animal. In order for a furry pet to live in captivity as long as possible, it is necessary:

maintain optimal temperature conditions;
ensure that the chinchilla’s menu is balanced;
provide your pet with comfortable housing with maximum space for activity;
carry out regular bathing in special sand;
contact a veterinary clinic at the slightest suspicion of disease;
protect the animal from stress and anxiety.

There is no average number of years for how long a chinchilla lives in an apartment; it all depends on the conditions that the owner creates for him.