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History of appearance

"Komondor" is translated from Hungarian as "shepherd dog". This name is first mentioned in the book “The History of King Astgias” in 1544. The dog belongs to the ancient shepherd dogs, in the breeding of which man did not participate. There is an opinion that this breed appeared as a result of crossing herding dogs with wolves.

Although the Komondor is considered a Hungarian breed, mention of a similar dog is found in Babylonian written documents from the time of King Hammurabi. It resembles the Tibetan Terrier and the Russian Shepherd. The Komondors most likely came to the territory of modern Hungary from the Black Sea along with the nomadic tribes of the Magyars, the ancestors of the Hungarians, for whom they served as shepherds.

The modern history of the Komondor began with his show career in 1920. During World War II, many white shepherds were killed because they served in the army. Today the population has been restored, but dogs with pigtails still remain a rare breed. Most of them are in Hungary and the USA.

Features of care and maintenance

The Komondor will not feel comfortable in a city apartment; life in the countryside is more suitable for him, ideally on a farm, where the dog can show his working qualities. Reliably protected by a lace coat, the Komondor will calmly endure even harsh winters in a spacious enclosure with a booth installed inside.

When keeping a Hungarian Shepherd in a rural house, you should take care of a reliable fence. The commander can run away, and an unexpected meeting with a huge dog will not bring pleasure to the neighbors.

Caring for Hungarian Shepherds is not particularly difficult and consists of regular examinations of the eyes, ears, and nose. The biggest concern for future owners is caring for the Komondor's coat. In fact, caring for “laces” requires less time and expense than, for example, caring for a collie’s coat.

The algorithm for keeping wool in order is quite simple:

The cords twisted together are separated by hand into separate strands so that they do not roll into felt. Taking a separate strand, it is carefully pulled out, separating it from the rest of the wool along its entire length to the skin.
Komondor cords are regularly taken apart to prevent them from becoming felt.
Simultaneously with the procedure for separating the wool cords, stuck blades of grass, twigs and other debris are removed.
To keep the coat in order, it is enough to “comb” the Komondor once every 2-4 weeks. As longer and denser wool strips grow and form, the frequency of parsing decreases.
For puppies up to 9-10 months, the strands above the tail are carefully looked after.
Only the hair on the tips of the ears and behind the ears requires constant parsing.
To get rid of dirt, the dog is brushed with a soft brush. The dog is bathed once every 2-3 months to refresh the white coat. Swimming in ponds is encouraged; it not only washes away dust, but also brings pleasure to the dog.
A thick, dense coat can become a real breeding ground for parasites; to avoid this, the dog is regularly examined and all known preventive measures are used (anti-parasitic collars, sprays, drops on the withers).
As it grows, cut off the long hair on the pads of the paws between the toes.

Important. When bathing Komondors, use a special shampoo with lanolin. Other products dry out the skin and wash away its natural lubricant, causing the coat to become brittle, dull, with lumps and tangles formed, and the strands lose their evenness.

Temperament

Until two or three years old, the white shepherd remains a puppy and is distinguished by its childish playfulness and cheerful character.

Historically, the Komondor is a breed of guard dog that is distinguished by its vigilance, courage and fighting disposition. He will be an excellent guard for a private home. This reliable guard will not allow strangers to approach the territory he protects and the owner. When not in danger, this huge dog is peaceful and friendly, patient with children. Very loyal to the owner. If he brings a guest with him to the house, the shepherd will calmly accept him. But you shouldn't leave them alone: he can be aggressive. He needs early socialization.

The Komondor is a shepherd who must tend the flock. Therefore, he behaves like a leader and tries to manage everyone: both other pets and family members. He needs an owner with a strong character.

He is distinguished by intelligence, ingenuity and independence, loves to make decisions on his own.

Diet and feeding

Hungarian Shepherds are unpretentious and economical in food. The daily requirement of high-quality dry food for an adult dog is 1-1.5 kg. Nutrition plan: natural food or commercial feed, depends on the owner’s wishes.

The daily intake of industrial food (dry, spider, canned) depends on the intensity of physical activity, type of maintenance, age and individual characteristics of the dog. Affects ration calculation and feed class. Premium and super premium feeds have a higher energy value and require less of them than economy class feeds.

Sweet foods and baked goods are not suitable for feeding your Komondor.

The natural menu includes:

oatmeal, rolled oats, buckwheat, wheat, millet, semolina or mixtures of different types of cereals, cooked in meat, chicken, fish, vegetable broth, milk;
lean meats (beef, veal, lamb, horse meat, nutria, rabbit, poultry);
offal (heart, stomach, esophagus, kidneys, liver, brains);
frozen or boiled boneless fish;
one boiled egg two days before;
vegetables, fruits (carrots, green onions, lettuce, zucchini, cauliflower, apples);
dairy products (cottage cheese, kefir, yogurt, soft unsalted cheese, sour milk);
as a delicacy in small quantities, unleavened cookies, boiled sausage, hard cheese, honey;
mineral and vitamin supplements.

It is forbidden to feed:

sweets;
smoked products;
tubular bones;
highly salty, sour, spicy foods.

Traditional feeding regimen:

puppies up to six months are fed 4-5 times a day;
teenagers are transferred to 3 meals a day;
After reaching one year of age, the dog is fed 2 times a day.

Adult Komondors are fed twice a day: morning and evening.

History of the breed

It is believed that the Komondor moved to the territory of modern Hungary with nomadic tribes more than a thousand years ago.

Their ancestors are called:

the oldest Tibetan dogs;
Magyar herding dogs;
ancient herding dogs crossed with wolves.

Most researchers are inclined to the “wolf” theory. As evidence, features of Komondor behavior are cited that are more characteristic of wolves than dogs: extremely developed intelligence, the ability to perform a series of sequential actions, ignoring distracting stimuli in the process of performing duties.

Be that as it may, it is absolutely undeniable that the Komondor breed of Hungarian Shepherd Dogs was formed naturally without human intervention and mixing with other breeds.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, a detailed description and standard were developed and adopted, and in 1924 the Hungarian Komondor Shepherd Dog was recognized as an independent breed by most international cynological organizations.

The unique working qualities, strength and loyalty of the Komondor served them poorly during the world wars. Brave dogs were called upon to guard military installations, and many died protecting their owners and their property. As a result, the breed was on the verge of extinction.

The Hungarian Shepherd or Komondor breed was adopted only in 1924.

The restoration of the breed in the 50s of the last century was initiated by József Bukowski, who created the first Komondor kennel “Karcagpusztai” in Hungary. Almost all living Komondors trace their ancestry to dogs raised in this kennel.

The first Hungarian Shepherd dogs arrived in the USSR in the 70s of the twentieth century, and in 1996 the National Breed Club was registered in the Russian Federation.

Breeders reviews

Zlata. I love Komondors for their character, beauty and intelligence. This dog is not for everyone. I sometimes discourage buyers from buying a puppy if they are going to keep it in an apartment. I don’t give it to those who are not going to seriously engage in dog training. The Komondor is a working dog and doesn’t feel well without exercise.

Matvey. Komondors need responsible owners. I always remind potential buyers of the Magyar proverb: “If a house is guarded by a Komondor, then only God will save the stranger who enters it!” The Hungarian Shepherd is a serious dog and should be treated as such.

Irina. The breed is unique. These dogs have been accompanying humans since ancient times. Very reliable friends, helpers and guards. It’s a pity that we don’t use Komondors as shepherds. I saw them at work in Finland. It's just a fairy tale!

We invite you to watch a video about the Hungarian Shepherd or Komondor dog breed.

dog-pesiki.ru

Character and temperament

The character and temperament of Hungarian Shepherds have been formed over the centuries. Constant resistance to predators, harsh climatic living conditions, and long treks contributed to the natural selection of dogs with a balanced, strong, active type of temperament.

Komondors are hardy and strong animals.

Komondors are distinguished by:

a meaningful attitude towards one’s responsibilities, the ability to make decisions independently and analyze the situation;
clear understanding of teams, high efficiency, interest in work;
devotion, dedication, responsibility;
constant wariness, distrust of strangers;
restraint, dislike of excessive affection;
self-esteem, innate calm;
friendliness, cheerfulness.

Unlike most shepherd dogs, the Komondor performs guarding rather than herding functions. He does not shepherd the flock, but protects it.

Since ancient times, Hungarian Shepherds, accustomed to resist packs of wolves, do not betray their presence, “merging” with a flock of sheep in the color and texture of their coat. They attack quickly, unexpectedly and silently.

Komondors rarely bite their opponents, preferring to strike with their heavy heads using the strength of their powerful neck muscles. This is how a dog easily breaks a wolf’s spine, and breaks an adult man’s collarbone. When attacking, the Komondor experiences intense rage. At such a moment, no commands or obstacles can hold him back. No wonder Komondors are listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the best guard dogs.

Komondors attack quietly and suddenly, while they try to knock the enemy down.

Thanks to their “specialization,” Hungarian Shepherds get along well with children, other family members, and pets. Sometimes they cause anxiety to their owners, trying to gather all their charges in one place.

Health and life expectancy

The average life expectancy of Komondors is 10-12 years.

Due to the fact that the breed was formed naturally, commanders have high innate immunity and are distinguished by good health.

However, they also have a predisposition to certain diseases:

Hip dysplasia . You can minimize the possibility of the disease occurring by reducing physical stress during puppyhood. Adult dogs, on the contrary, are at risk from physical inactivity, which promotes muscle atrophy and provokes the development of a defect. It is possible to diagnose dysplasia at an early age. Unsteady gait, lameness, and lethargy should cause concern. When the diagnosis is confirmed, drug treatment is carried out; in severe, advanced cases, surgical intervention is possible.
Entropy or defect of the lowered eyelid. Genetically determined inward turning of the eyelid leads to constant irritation and injury to the cornea of the eye. Causes blurred vision and blindness. Requires surgery. Entropy is inherited; in order to avoid the accumulation of genetic pathologies in the breed, dogs suffering from entropy are not allowed to be bred.
Komondors may suffer from dysplasia or entropion of the eyelids.
Bloating ( gastric volvulus ). The cause of the disease has not been precisely established, but the circumstances that provoke dilation and volvulus of the stomach are known - feeding once a day with bulk food, sudden active movements of the dog after eating.
Deformation of paw joints in puppies. To prevent illness, children under six months are not allowed to go down stairs and steep slopes on their own. For prevention, you should walk briskly, walk and run up small hills to strengthen the muscles of your legs.

The danger for Hungarian Shepherds is their own beard. Food debris gets stuck in her dense coat and moisture accumulates. It becomes an excellent refuge for pathogens that can cause infectious diseases. For preventative purposes, the dog's face should be thoroughly wiped after each meal.

Standard, photos and appearance

The Komondor standard is carefully verified and does not tolerate discrepancies. The Hungarian Kennel Club, which patronizes the breed, meticulously monitors any attempts to “improve” the appearance of the Komondor and does not allow it to turn into a show dog, insisting on preserving its natural features and working qualities.

The description of the breed is replete with superlative epithets - the lightest among large breeds, the most “woolly”, the most intelligent, the most unusual. Indeed, the Hungarian Cattle Dog looks very impressive. Its large size puts it on par with such giants as Tibetan mastiffs, Scottish deerhounds, and Alabais.

The powerful and muscular dog is given additional volume by its unique thick coat, rolled into long ribbons and completely covering the dog’s body, head, and muzzle. The white color perfectly camouflages the Hungarian shepherd dog among the sheep, allowing it to perform the duties of not only a shepherd, but also a guard.

The dog's relatively low weight is explained by the special structure of its bones - light but strong. This genetic feature has been preserved since ancient times, when dogs had to make multi-day treks through the mountains, accompanying herds of nomads.

According to the FCI classification, the Komondor dog breed (Hungarian Shepherd Dog, Hungarian Sheepdog, Komondor) is classified in the shepherd dog section of the group of herding and racing dogs.

With the same height, Komondors are inferior in weight to their larger counterparts. The permissible weight of males is from 50 to 57 kg, with a height at the withers of 75-80 cm. Females - 40-50 kg, with a height of 65-70 cm.

Hungarian Shepherds have a rough build, strong bones and muscles. The format of the body is almost square, the length of the body slightly exceeds the height of the dog at the withers.

Adult Komondor males can reach up to 80 cm at the withers.

Among the characteristic breed traits:

a wide, convex, domed skull proportional to the body with developed, pronounced brow ridges;
the stop (the transition from the skull to the muzzle) is moderately pronounced;
the muzzle is of a rough type, wide, of medium length;
the large nose is only black or dark brown;
the nostrils are wide;
black lips with uneven “jagged” corners tightly cover the teeth;
powerful jaws with developed strong muscles;
the bite is full, dense, scissor-shaped with 42 strong large teeth;
almond-shaped dark brown eyes of medium size (blue eye color is unacceptable);
the ears hanging from the base do not rise even in a state of strong excitement;
well-muscled, strong neck, moderately long and arched when at rest, practically in line with the back;
muscular, level back with pronounced powerful withers and wide loin;
the chest is voluminous, deep, low;
belly without sagging;
the tail is set low and hangs down to the hocks;
limbs are straight and very strong with dense, elastic black or dark gray pads and claws;
highly pigmented gray skin;
movements are light, sweeping, smooth.

Magyar Puli Shepherds, which are very similar to Komondors, are related by blood to Komondors, but are an independent breed. Bullets are significantly smaller in size than Komondors. Their weight does not exceed 15 kg, and their height is 43 cm. The standards of these two Hungarian Shepherds also differ in other significant characteristics.

Komondors are very large and massive dogs.

Coat type and color

Newborn Komondor puppies are covered with delicate down and soft guard hair. Growing up, babies gradually lose their undercoat, and the guard hairs are replaced by longer, spiral-curling hair.

At the age of 6-9 months, the final replacement of teenage hair with adult hair occurs. From this time on, the Komondor's coat consists only of guard hairs. Then the softer and shorter hair begins to form a kind of undercoat, the long, hard outer hair curls into dense strands, the formation of which ends after 1.5-2 years.

The Komondor's coat has a number of unique features unique to this breed:

guard hairs woven into the cord do not subsequently fall out of it even after the hair follicle dies;
the strands grow throughout life, becoming longer and more voluminous, the number of cords in old age reaches more than one thousand, and the total weight of the wool reaches 7-8 kg;
the longest cords (20-70 cm) are formed on the croup, lower back, and back of the thighs;
The coat of Hungarian Komondor Shepherds is completely unique.
on the back, in the area of the shoulder blades, on the sides of the chest, the strands grow 15-22 cm;
the head, muzzle, ears, neck, legs are reliably covered with a cord cover of 10-18 cm, while the pigtails do not at all interfere with the Komondor’s ability to see and hear perfectly;
the shortest (9-11 cm) coat on the paws and lips;
in rare cases: with a sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, or during the postpartum period, the dog may lose some of the cords, but the coat is restored over time;
seasonal spring-autumn molting passes almost unnoticed, without causing inconvenience to the owner.

This type of coat reliably protects Komondors from overheating and hypothermia, allowing them to easily tolerate being kept both outdoors and indoors. The corded structure of the coat indicates the direct purpose of the Hungarian Shepherd Dogs - protecting the herd from predators.

The only acceptable Komondor color standard is white. A light shade of ivory is allowed. Puppies' coats often have a distinct cream or yellowish tint, but after their last teenage shedding the coat becomes pure white.

Often misunderstandings are caused by the presence of black, black-red, black-gray, and fawn colors in Hungarian Puli Shepherds. But bullets are a different breed.

Important. Hungarian Shepherds are sometimes confused with Bergamasco Shepherds, which have a similar coat structure. The color of the breed, bred in Italy, is all shades of gray. Bergamascoes with white coats are not allowed to be bred. Italian and Hungarian shepherd dogs are brought together, perhaps, by a hypothetical genetic relationship with the ancient Tibetan mastiffs.